TPAC Breakout: Making Math a First Class Citizen on the Web

MathML Status

MathML 1.0 — 1998; Currently at V3, 2nd Edition (2014)
Support in Firefox and Safari, but some incompatibilities around the edges
Lots of stuff under specified, unusual qualities in those implementations (DOM APIs), how CSS should/shouldn't work for those
Parsed, but not rendered/otherwise supported in Chrome, Edge
Very well supported by AT (JAWS, NVDA, Safari, ORCA)
MathJaX JS library is main way of displaying math
MathML Refresh CG (2019)
Core (explainer)
Polyfills
Improved accessibility by allowing authors to specify intent. As an example, one proposal is that the binomial $(\binom{n}{m})$ could be marked up as: <mrow intent="binomial(@1,@2)"> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac linethickness="0pt"> <mi arg="1">n</mi> <mi arg="2">m</mi> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow>
Work by Igalia (Chrome/Edge under experimental flag: chrome://flags/#enable-experimental-web-platform-features)
Bringing other implementations closer together
Have thousands of WPT

scripts — $x^2$, $y_1$
limits/accents — $\displaystyle\lim_{x→0} \frac{x}{\sin x}$, $\hat{y}$
fractions — $\frac{x+y}{x-y}$
roots — $\sqrt{x}$, $\root{3} \of x$
large operators — $\displaystyle\sum x_i$
stretchy chars — $\displaystyle\big(\sum x_i\big)\cdot\big(\sum y_i\big)$, $\overbrace{x+y}$
tables — $det A = | \begin{matrix} a_{11} & a_{12} & \dots & a_{1 n} \\ ⋮ \\ a_{k 1} & a_{k 2} & \dots & a_{k n} \\ ⋮ \\ a_{n 1} & a_{n 2} & \dots & a_{n n} \end{matrix} |$
proper math typography — spacing, size changes, script positioning... $σ = \sqrt{\frac{1}{N} \sum_{i = 1}^{N} (x_{i} - μ)^{2}}$

Development of recs and test suites
Clarifications to the current use of Web Platform technologies, such as supported JavaScript APIs and CSS modules.
Integration of new and existing Web Platform technologies, including, but not limited to hyperlinks, DOM APIs, Shadow DOM and Custom Elements, CSS
Identification of normative requirements needed to ensure accessibility
Removing elements and attributes from MathML that have had minimal adoption

Adding new elements for use exclusively outside the platform
Changes that would cause legacy MathML that has significant usage to stop working on the Web Platform or elsewhere.
Changes to Content MathML. These will be considered at a later time after gaining experience and feedback from proposed additions to enhance accessibility and searchability in Presentation MathML.

Test suites and implementation reports for the specification
MathML Accessibility Techniques
At least one TeX-to-MathML converter that incorporates accessibility/searchability annotations in its MathML output.
Code to convert Content MathML to Presentation MathML with accessibility and searchability annotations.
Sample code for conversion of annotated Presentation MathML to an external form such as speech and/or Content MathML